Invariant Image Recognition by Zernike Moments
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Improvement and Invariance Analysis of Zernike Moments using as a Region-Based Shape Descriptor
SIBGRAPI '02 Proceedings of the 15th Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing
Data hiding in binary image for authentication and annotation
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Invariant image watermark using Zernike moments
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Semi-fragile Zernike moment-based image water marking for authentication
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on advanced image processing for defense and security applications
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This paper proposes a content-based authentication scheme for tampering detection and localization of binary images. The watermark is generated by the feature vector of the original binary image, and embedded back into the image by a structural method. The feature vector we used is Zernike moments. It can tell the degree of the tamper in the binary image. A distance between two feature vectors is defined. We authenticate image by the distance between the extracted watermark and the feature vector of the test image. Once the tampering is detected, we can locate the tampered areas by comparing different components of the distance. The experimental results show that the algorithm can locate the tamper effectively.