Automatic symbolic traffic scene analysis using belief networks
AAAI'94 Proceedings of the twelfth national conference on Artificial intelligence (vol. 2)
The robust estimation of multiple motions: parametric and piecewise-smooth flow fields
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Spline-Based Image Registration
International Journal of Computer Vision
Visual Interpretation of Hand Gestures for Human-Computer Interaction: A Review
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
CONDENSATION—Conditional Density Propagation forVisual Tracking
International Journal of Computer Vision
The visual analysis of human movement: a survey
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Human motion analysis: a review
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Discovery and Segmentation of Activities in Video
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A survey of computer vision-based human motion capture
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Modeling people toward vision-based underatanding of a person's shape, appearance, and movement
Event Detection and Analysis from Video Streams
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Object Tracking with Bayesian Estimation of Dynamic Layer Representations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Color-Based Probabilistic Tracking
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part I
Fusion of Multiple Tracking Algorithms for Robust People Tracking
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part IV
ICIAP '97 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing-Volume II
Image Processing Techniques for Crowd Density Estimation Using a Reference Image
ACCV '95 Invited Session Papers from the Second Asian Conference on Computer Vision: Recent Developments in Computer Vision
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Motion of Disturbances: Detection and Tracking of multi-Body non-Rigid Motion
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Face Detection Using Multi-Modal Information
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
VS '98 Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance
Statistical Models of Object Interaction
VS '98 Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance
A Real-Time System for Monitoring of Cyclists and Pedestrians
VS '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance
A Bayesian Approach to Human Activity Recognition
VS '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance
GROUP BEHAVIOR RECOGNITION WITH MULTIPLE CAMERAS
WACV '02 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision
Passengers Queue Length Measurement
ICIAP '99 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
View-Based Detection and Analysis of Periodic Motion
ICPR '98 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition-Volume 1 - Volume 1
Performance Evaluation of Object Detection Algorithms
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 3 - Volume 3
ICIAP '01 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
Agent Orientated Annotation in Model Based Visual Surveillance
ICCV '98 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision
Recognition of Group Activities using Dynamic Probabilistic Networks
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Recognition of two-person interactions using a hierarchical Bayesian network
IWVS '03 First ACM SIGMM international workshop on Video surveillance
Visual Modeling with a Hand-Held Camera
International Journal of Computer Vision
People Tracking by Integrating Multiple Features
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 4 - Volume 04
An Ontology for Video Event Representation
CVPRW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (CVPRW'04) Volume 7 - Volume 07
The HumanID Gait Challenge Problem: Data Sets, Performance, and Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Dynamic Human Pose Estimation using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Approach
WACV-MOTION '05 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Pedestrian Detection in Crowded Scenes
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Tracking-based event detection for CCTV systems
Pattern Analysis & Applications
Emotional Ant Based Modeling of Crowd Dynamics
SYNASC '05 Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing
On-Road Vehicle Detection: A Review
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Collaborative Multi-Camera Surveillance with Automated Person Detection
CRV '06 Proceedings of the The 3rd Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision
Counting Crowded Moving Objects
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 1
Fast Human Detection Using a Cascade of Histograms of Oriented Gradients
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Computational studies of human motion: part 1, tracking and motion synthesis
Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision
Hidden Markov Models for Optical Flow Analysis in Crowds
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 01
Modelling Crowd Scenes for Event Detection
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 01
Human model for people detection in dynamic scenes
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 01
Human Tracking by Particle Filtering Using Full 3D Model of Both Target and Environment
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 02
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Real-Time Detection of Camera Tampering
AVSS '06 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance
A Knowledge-Based Approach for Detecting Unattended Packages in Surveillance Video
AVSS '06 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance
An Abandoned/Removed Objects Detection Algorithm and Its Evaluation on PETS Datasets
AVSS '06 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Video and Signal Based Surveillance
Salient Motion Information Detection Technique Using Weighted Subtraction Image and Motion Vector
ICHIT '06 Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Hybrid Information Technology - Volume 01
Crowd simulation for emergency response using BDI agent based on virtual reality
Proceedings of the 38th conference on Winter simulation
Simulation of large crowds in emergency situations including gaseous phenomena
CGI '05 Proceedings of the Computer Graphics International 2005
Performance evaluating the evaluator
ICCCN '05 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
Performance evaluation of a real time video surveillance system
ICCCN '05 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
Deleted Interpolation Using a Hierarchical Bayesian Grammar Network for Recognizing Human Activity
ICCCN '05 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
Evaluation of Motion Segmentation Quality for Aircraft Activity Surveillance
ICCCN '05 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
Geodesic Active Contour Based Fusion of Visible and Infrared Video for Persistent Object Tracking
WACV '07 Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision
Homography-based Analysis of People and Vehicle Activities in Crowded Scenes
WACV '07 Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision
Body Part Detection for Human Pose Estimation and Tracking
WMVC '07 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing
Robust background subtraction with foreground validation for urban traffic video
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Design and assessment of an intelligent activity monitoring platform
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Detection and Monitoring of Passengers on a Bus by Video Surveillance
ICIAP '07 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
Shape Based Object Classification for Automated Video Surveillance with Feature Selection
ICIT '07 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Technology
UKSIM '08 Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation
Video Behavior Profiling for Anomaly Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Machine Vision and Applications
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Real-time detection of illegally parked vehicles using 1-D transformation
AVSS '07 Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance
Simultaneous tracking of multiple body parts of interacting persons
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Automatic description of complex buildings from multiple images
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Human detection using oriented histograms of flow and appearance
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Traffic monitoring and accident detection at intersections
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Framework for real-time behavior interpretation from traffic video
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Detection of loitering individuals in public transportation areas
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
A survey on visual surveillance of object motion and behaviors
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Estimation of number of people in crowded scenes using perspective transformation
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
PRISMATICA: toward ambient intelligence in public transport environments
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Image change detection algorithms: a systematic survey
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
3-D Time-Varying Scene Capture Technologies—A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Person Surveillance Using Visual and Infrared Imagery
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Pedestrian attribute analysis using a top-view camera in a public space
MMM'12 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Advances in Multimedia Modeling
Real-time vandalism detection by monitoring object activities
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Evaluating the effects of MJPEG compression on motion tracking in metro railway surveillance
ACIVS'12 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems
Learning discriminative features for fast frame-based action recognition
Pattern Recognition
A survey of appearance models in visual object tracking
ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology (TIST) - Survey papers, special sections on the semantic adaptive social web, intelligent systems for health informatics, regular papers
Shopping behavior recognition using a language modeling analogy
Pattern Recognition Letters
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Visual surveillance is an active research topic in image processing. Transit systems are actively seeking new or improved ways to use technology to deter and respond to accidents, crime, suspicious activities, terrorism, and vandalism. Human behavior-recognition algorithms can be used proactively for prevention of incidents or reactively for investigation after the fact. This paper describes the current state-of-the-art image-processing methods for automatic-behavior-recognition techniques, with focus on the surveillance of human activities in the context of transit applications. The main goal of this survey is to provide researchers in the field with a summary of progress achieved to date and to help identify areas where further research is needed. This paper provides a thorough description of the research on relevant human behavior-recognition methods for transit surveillance. Recognition methods include single person (e.g., loitering), multiple-person interactions (e.g., fighting and personal attacks), person-vehicle interactions (e.g., vehicle vandalism), and person-facility/ location interactions (e.g., object left behind and trespassing). A list of relevant behavior-recognition papers is presented, including behaviors, data sets, implementation details, and results. In addition, algorithm's weaknesses, potential research directions, and contrast with commercial capabilities as advertised by manufacturers are discussed. This paper also provides a summary of literature surveys and developments of the core technologies (i.e., low-level processing techniques) used in visual surveillance systems, including motion detection, classification of moving objects, and tracking.