Analysis and design of open-loop multiphase local-oscillator generator for wireless applications

Authors:
Ka-Fai Un;Pui-In Mak;Rui P. Martins
Affiliations:
Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Laboratory, University of Macau, Macao, China;Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Laboratory, University of Macau, Macao, China;Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI Laboratory, University of Macau, Macao, China and Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
Venue:
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers - Special issue on ISCAS 2009
Year:
2010

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Abstract

Multiphase local-oscillator (LO) generators have been widely adopted in modern wireless communication systems. This paper describes the analysis and design of two open-loop multiphase (quadri and octave) LO generators, which can lead to speed relaxation of the phase-locked loop and voltage-controlled oscillator when compared with conventional frequency-division methods. The mathematical model, sizing considerations, and two design examples targeting mobile-TV applications are presented. The first one is an octave-phase LO generator designed in 90-nm CMOS featuring multiple switchable phase correctors in cascade. It covers the VHF-III and UHF bands with an optimized phase precision within 0.8°. The second one combines quadri- and octave-phase LO generation to cover the full band of mobile TV from 170 to 1700 MHz. Optimized in 65-nm CMOS, it can be operated in octave-phase mode for image-reject harmonic-reject downconversion or in quadri-phase mode for simple image-reject downconversion. Extensive simulations accounting for process variations show that the achieved phase precisions are within 1.5° (quadri) and 1° (octave). The phase-noise performance is comparable with state-of-the-art solutions.