A two-layered model for scalable, heterogeneous group communications
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia
Privacy protection in personalized web search: a peer group-based approach
SBP'13 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling and Prediction
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In peer-to-peer (P2P) applications, a group of multiple peer processes (peers) are required to cooperate with each other in a distributed manner. Messages sent by peers have to be causally delivered to every peer in a group. Due to the message overhead O(n) for the number n of peers, the vect. cannot be used to causally deliver messages in a scalable group. On the other hand, the linear clock implies the message length O(1), but some pair of messages are unnecessarily ordered. Recently, more accurate physical clocks can be used in cooperation with the GPS time server. Even if each physical clock is synchronized with a time server, every physical clock does not show the same accurate time. The accuracy of the physical clock depends on distance to the time server, traffic in a network, and type of operating system. In this paper, we reduce the number of messages unnecessarily ordered by taking advantage of the linear time and physical time. In the evaluation, we show the number of messages unnecessarily ordered can be reduced composed with the linear clock.