Power-aware routing in mobile ad hoc networks
MobiCom '98 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring
WSNA '02 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Wireless sensor networks and applications
Impact of Network Density on Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
ICDCS '02 Proceedings of the 22 nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS'02)
A wireless sensor network For structural monitoring
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Near-optimal sensor placements: maximizing information while minimizing communication cost
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Structural damage detection and localization using NETSHM
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Health monitoring of civil infrastructures using wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
A Holistic Approach to Decentralized Structural Damage Localization Using Wireless Sensor Networks
RTSS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 Real-Time Systems Symposium
Air-dropped sensor network for real-time high-fidelity volcano monitoring
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Elevator as a mobile sink for high-rise structure monitoring
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review
Utilizing elevator for wireless sensor data collection in high-rise structure monitoring
Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Workshop on Quality of Service
Realistic case studies of wireless structural control
Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 4th International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems
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There are heavy studies recently on applying wireless sensor networks for structural health monitoring. These works usually focus on the computer science aspect, and the considerations include energy consumption, network connectivity, etc. It is commonly believed that for the current resource limited wireless sensors, system design could be more efficient if the application requirements are incorporated. Nevertheless, we often find that, rather than integration, assumptions have to be made due to lack of knowledge of civil engineering; for example, to evaluate routing algorithms, the sensor placement is assumed to be random or on grids/trees. These may not be practically meaningful to the respective application demands, and make the great efforts by the computer science community on developing efficient methods from the sensor network aspect less useful. In this paper, we study the very first problem of the SHM systems: the sensor placement and focus on the civil requirements. We first study the current general framework of structure health monitoring. We redevelop the framework that includes a new sensor placement module. This module implements the most widely accepted sensor placement scheme from civil engineering but focusing on its usefulness for computer science. It provides such interfaces that can rank the placement quality of the candidate locations in a step by step manner. We then optimize system performance by considering network connectivity and data routing issues; with the objective on energy efficiency. We evaluate our scheme using the data from the structural health monitoring system on the Ting Kau Bridge, Hong Kong. We show that a uniform and a state-of-the-art placement are not very meaningful in placement quality. Our scheme achieves almost the same sensor placement quality with that of the civil engineering with five-fold improvement in system lifetime. We conduct an experiment on the in-built Guangzhou New TV Tower, China; and the results validate the effectiveness of our scheme.