Fundamentals of statistical signal processing: estimation theory
Fundamentals of statistical signal processing: estimation theory
Microwave Mobile Communications
Microwave Mobile Communications
Estimation of continuous flat fading MIMO channels
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Optimal training for MIMO frequency-selective fading channels
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
How much training is needed in multiple-antenna wireless links?
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems
IEEE Communications Magazine
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In this paper, we investigate the multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) frequency-selective channel estimation performance under the impact of both channel time-variation and noise contamination. The total mean square error (MSE) using orthogonal training sequences is derived so that the optimal training length can be easily determined numerically instead of by extensive simulation. We prove that the overall MSE is irrelevant to the type of orthogonal training sequences employed and only depends on the time-varying channel model under some, fairly general, conditions. Our results are validated by considering two types of orthogonal sequences: cyclically shifted Chu sequences and zero-correlation-zone (ZCZ) sequences using Jake's model. Applications to underwater acoustic(UWA) communications are considered.