Profile guided code positioning
PLDI '90 Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1990 conference on Programming language design and implementation
Dynamic typing in a statically typed language
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Profile-guided automatic inline expansion for C programs
Software—Practice & Experience
Profile-guided receiver class prediction
Proceedings of the tenth annual conference on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications
Letters to the editor: go to statement considered harmful
Communications of the ACM
Automatically characterizing large scale program behavior
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
RPython: a step towards reconciling dynamically and statically typed OO languages
Proceedings of the 2007 symposium on Dynamic languages
How Do Java Programs Use Inheritance? An Empirical Study of Inheritance in Java Software
ECOOP '08 Proceedings of the 22nd European conference on Object-Oriented Programming
Integrating typed and untyped code in a scripting language
Proceedings of the 37th annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages
An analysis of the dynamic behavior of JavaScript programs
PLDI '10 Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGPLAN conference on Programming language design and implementation
How developers use the dynamic features of programming languages: the case of smalltalk
Proceedings of the 8th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories
Always-available static and dynamic feedback
Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering
The eval that men do: A large-scale study of the use of eval in javascript applications
Proceedings of the 25th European conference on Object-oriented programming
VEE '12 Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS conference on Virtual Execution Environments
Proceedings of the ACM international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications
The efficient handling of guards in the design of RPython's tracing JIT
Proceedings of the sixth ACM workshop on Virtual machines and intermediate languages
Storage strategies for collections in dynamically typed languages
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages & applications
How (and why) developers use the dynamic features of programming languages: the case of smalltalk
Empirical Software Engineering
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The Python programming language is typical among dynamic languages in that programs written in it are not susceptible to static analysis. This makes efficient static program compilation difficult, as well as limiting the amount of early error detection that can be performed. Prior research in this area tends to make assumptions about the nature of programs written in Python, restricting the expressiveness of the language. One may question why programmers are drawn to these languages at all, if only to use them in a static-friendly style. In this paper we present our results after measuring the dynamic behaviour of 24 production-stage open source Python programs. The programs tested included arcade games, GUI applications and non-interactive batch programs. We found that while most dynamic activity occurs during program startup, dynamic activity after startup cannot be discounted entirely.