Understanding the limitations of causally and totally ordered communication
SOSP '93 Proceedings of the fourteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
On calibrating measurements of packet transit times
SIGMETRICS '98/PERFORMANCE '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Pinpoint: Problem Determination in Large, Dynamic Internet Services
DSN '02 Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks
Performance debugging for distributed systems of black boxes
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Stateful distributed interposition
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Democratizing content publication with coral
NSDI'04 Proceedings of the 1st conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation - Volume 1
Using magpie for request extraction and workload modelling
OSDI'04 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Symposium on Opearting Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 6
Pip: detecting the unexpected in distributed systems
NSDI'06 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 3
OASIS: anycast for any service
NSDI'06 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 3
Whodunit: transactional profiling for multi-tier applications
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2007
Towards highly reliable enterprise network services via inference of multi-level dependencies
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
A data-oriented (and beyond) network architecture
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
BorderPatrol: isolating events for black-box tracing
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2008
Causeway: support for controlling and analyzing the execution of multi-tier applications
Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 2005 International Conference on Middleware
Detailed diagnosis in enterprise networks
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2009 conference on Data communication
Detecting large-scale system problems by mining console logs
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
Improving visibility of distributed systems through execution tracing
Improving visibility of distributed systems through execution tracing
X-trace: a pervasive network tracing framework
NSDI'07 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Networked systems design & implementation
MT-WAVE: profiling multi-tier web applications
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance engineering
Diagnosing performance changes by comparing request flows
Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on Networked systems design and implementation
G2: a graph processing system for diagnosing distributed systems
USENIXATC'11 Proceedings of the 2011 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Identifying performance bottlenecks in CDNs through TCP-level monitoring
Proceedings of the first ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Measurements up the stack
Understanding latency variations of black box services
Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web
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Unlike device-centric monitoring, task-centric tracing enables an operator to causally trace the complete execution of a networked system across the boundaries of applications, protocols, and administrative domains. In this paper, we argue that causal, end-to-end tracing should be an integral part of network services. Moreover, it is not fundamentally difficult to achieve, given a primitive that propagates task metadata alongside logical execution and communication paths. X-Trace is a framework that relies on such propagation to provide comprehensive causal tracing. We report on our experience integrating X-Trace into several production networked services--including 802.1X authentication, Web content distribution, and DNS-based replica selection--to illustrate benefits of causal tracing, and to discuss the instrumentation of different protocols and component architectures. We highlight the challenges we encountered and techniques we developed to better integrate causal tracing into network services.