On the expressiveness of rule-based systems for reasoning with uncertainty

  • Authors:
  • David E. Heckerman;Eric J. Horvitz

  • Affiliations:
  • Medical Computer Science Group, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California;Medical Computer Science Group, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California

  • Venue:
  • AAAI'87 Proceedings of the sixth National conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
  • Year:
  • 1987

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Abstract

We demonstrate that classes of dependencies among beliefs held with uncertainty cannot be represented in rule-based systems in a natural or efficient manner. We trace these limitations to a fundamental difference between certain and uncertain reasoning. In particular, we show that beliefs held with certainty are more modular than uncertain beliefs. We argue that the limitations of the rule-based approach for expressing dependencies are a consequence of forcing nonmodular knowledge into a representation scheme originally designed to represent modular beliefs. Finally, we describe a representation technique that is related, to the rule-based framework yet is not limited in the types of dependencies that it can represent.