Dimensionality reduction in software development effort estimation
Journal of Systems and Software
Risk Management for Software Projects
IEEE Software
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IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
COBRA: a hybrid method for software cost estimation, benchmarking, and risk assessment
Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Software engineering
Software development cost estimation approaches – A survey
Annals of Software Engineering
Software Risk Management: Principles and Practices
IEEE Software
Heuristic Risk Assessment Using Cost Factors
IEEE Software
Integrating Risk Assessment with Cost Estimation
IEEE Software
Estimates, Uncertainty, and Risk
IEEE Software
An empirical study of maintenance and development estimation accuracy
Journal of Systems and Software
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SEW '01 Proceedings of the 26th Annual NASA Goddard Software Engineering Workshop
Software project risks and their effect on outcomes
Communications of the ACM - Human-computer etiquette
Assessing Uncertainty of Software Development Effort Estimates: The Learning from Outcome Feedback
METRICS '05 Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Software Metrics Symposium
Toward an assessment of software development risk
Journal of Management Information Systems - Special section: Strategic and competitive information systems
Evaluating software project portfolio risks
Journal of Systems and Software
An empirical analysis of risk components and performance on software projects
Journal of Systems and Software
SEAA '08 Proceedings of the 2008 34th Euromicro Conference Software Engineering and Advanced Applications
An Integrative Economic Optimization Approach to Systems Development Risk Management
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO II
Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO II
Journal of Systems and Software
ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM)
Information and Software Technology
Vertical software industry evolution: The impact of software costs and limited customer base
Information and Software Technology
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The ability to price (monetize) software development risks can benefit various aspects of software development decision-making. This paper presents a risk pricing method that estimates two parameters for every individual risk factor: extra cost incurred per unit exposure, and project sensitivity, to that factor. Since variability is a widely used measure of risk in finance and decision sciences, the method derives risk pricing parameters by relating variability in risk factors to variability in project cost. This approach rests on the fact that a parametric cost estimator predicts project cost by adjusting the ''nominal'' cost of a project based on the expected values of risk factors (cost drivers), but the actual project cost often deviates from prediction because the actual values of risk factors normally deviate from expectations. In addition, to illustrate the viability of the method, the paper applies the method empirically with COCOMO data, to approximate risk pricing parameters for four risk factors (Personnel Capability, Process Maturity, Technology Platform, and Application Task). Importantly, though, the method could work equally well with data recorded based on other parametric cost estimators. The paper also discusses several areas that can benefit from benchmark risk pricing parameters of the kind we obtain.