Developing a detailed view of query reformulation: one step in an incremental approach
Proceedings of the 73rd ASIS&T Annual Meeting on Navigating Streams in an Information Ecosystem - Volume 47
The economics in interactive information retrieval
Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in Information Retrieval
Proceedings of the fifth ACM conference on Recommender systems
Dual-task performance in multimodal human-computer interaction: a psychophysiological perspective
Multimedia Tools and Applications
GLASE 0.1: eyes tell more than mice
SIGIR '12 Proceedings of the 35th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Amount of invested mental effort (AIME) in online searching
Information Processing and Management: an International Journal
The use of attention resources in navigation versus search
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
How query cost affects search behavior
Proceedings of the 36th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Is relevance hard work?: evaluating the effort of making relevant assessments
Proceedings of the 36th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Effects of working memory capacity on users' search effort
Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia, Interaction, Design and Innovation
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The search task and the system both affect the demand on cognitive resources during information search. In some situations the demands may become too high for a person. This article has a three-fold goal. First, it presents and critiques methods to measure cognitive load. Second, it explores the distribution of load across search task stages. Finally, it seeks to improve our understanding of factors affecting cognitive load levels in information search. To this end, a controlled Web search experiment with 48 participants was conducted. Interaction logs were used to segment search tasks semiautomatically into task stages. Cognitive load was assessed using a new variant of the dual-task method. Average cognitive load was found to vary by search task stages. It was significantly higher during query formulation and user description of a relevant document as compared to examining search results and viewing individual documents. Semantic information shown next to the search results lists in one of the studied interfaces was found to decrease mental demands during query formulation and examination of the search results list. These findings demonstrate that changes in dynamic cognitive load can be detected within search tasks. Dynamic assessment of cognitive load is of core interest to information science because it enriches our understanding of cognitive demands imposed on people engaged in the search process by a task and the interactive information retrieval system employed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.