Tutorial on agent-based modeling and simulation part 2: how to model with agents
Proceedings of the 38th conference on Winter simulation
Incorporating a PMF-Based Injury Model into a Multi-Agent Representation of Crowd Behavior
SNPD '07 Proceedings of the Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing - Volume 03
Integrating crowd-behavior modeling into military simulation using game technology
Simulation and Gaming
Fuzzy logic injury design for crowd modeling
Proceedings of the 2011 Military Modeling & Simulation Symposium
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A crowd is a significant number of individuals and groups of individuals gathering for a planned or unplanned event, rallying or performing similar activities for a period of time, and eventually dispersing due to fatigue, the closure of the event or involuntarily [1]. During these three phases, instances of violence or vandalism can occur and possibly spread to participating individuals or groups. In fact, sociology tells us that crowds are considered congregations of social groups that are transient instead of permanent in nature. A social group is defined as "a collection of three or more individuals who are perceived, by themselves or others, to be a group" [2]. In situations where crowd control is warranted, military or police forces are used to manage the crowds and save the public peace. Here, non-lethal weapons may be an option. In this paper, we describe a multi-agent model of crowd behavior. We focus on a design to simulate the physical effects of the non-lethal weapons on individuals within the crowd based on a performance moderated functions server (PMFserv) injury model.