Dynamic programming for graphs on surfaces

  • Authors:
  • Juanjo Rué;Ignasi Sau;Dimitrios M. Thilikos

  • Affiliations:
  • Laboratorie d'Informatique, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau-Cedex, France;Department of Computer Science, Technion, Haifa, Israel;Dept. of Mathematics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

  • Venue:
  • ICALP'10 Proceedings of the 37th international colloquium conference on Automata, languages and programming
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

We provide a framework for the design and analysis of dynamic programming algorithms for surface-embedded graphs on n vertices and branchwidth at most k. Our technique applies to general families of problems where standard dynamic programming runs in 2O(kċlog k)ċ n steps. Our approach combines tools from topological graph theory and analytic combinatorics. In particular, we introduce a new type of branch decomposition called surface cut decomposition, capturing how partial solutions can be arranged on a surface. Then we use singularity analysis over expressions obtained by the symbolic method to prove that partial solutions can be represented by a single-exponential (in the branchwidth k) number of configurations. This proves that, when applied on surface cut decompositions, dynamic programming runs in 2O(k) ċ n steps. That way, we considerably extend the class of problems that can be solved in running times with a single-exponential dependence on branchwidth and unify/improve all previous results in this direction.