Ants in parking lots

  • Authors:
  • Arnold L. Rosenberg

  • Affiliations:
  • Electrical & Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO

  • Venue:
  • Euro-Par'10 Proceedings of the 16th international Euro-Par conference on Parallel processing: Part II
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

Ants provide an attractive metaphor for robots that "cooperate" to perform complex tasks. This paper is a step toward understanding the algorithmic concomitants of this metaphor, the strengths and weaknesses of ant-based computation models.We study the ability of finite-state ant-robots to scalably perform a simple path-planning task called parking, within fixed, geographically constrained environments ("factory floors"). This task: (1) has each ant head for its nearest corner of the floor and (2) has all ants within a corner organize into a maximally compact formation. Even without (digital analogues of) pheromones, many initial configurations of ants can park, including: (a) a single ant situated along an edge of the floor; (b) any assemblage of ants that begins with two designated adjacent ants. In contrast, a single ant in the middle of (even a one-dimensional) floor cannot park, even with the help of (volatile digital) pheromones.