The quickhull algorithm for convex hulls
ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS)
Extraction of Visual Features for Lipreading
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Segmentation of color lip images by spatial fuzzy clustering
IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems
Nonlinear color space and spatiotemporal MRF for hierarchical segmentation of face features in video
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Discriminative Analysis of Lip Motion Features for Speaker Identification and Speech-Reading
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Teeth/Palate and interdental segmentation using artificial neural networks
ANNPR'12 Proceedings of the 5th INNS IAPR TC 3 GIRPR conference on Artificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition
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This paper addresses the problem of lip segmentation in color space, which is a crucial issue to the success of a lip-reading system. We present a new segmentation approach to lip contour extraction by taking account of the color difference between lip and skin in color space. Firstly, we obtain a lip segment sample via a color transformation sequence in 1976 CIELAB and LUX color spaces. Secondly, we establish a Gaussian model and make use of the hue and saturation value of each pixel within the lip segment to estimate the model parameters. Subsequently, the memberships of lip and non-lip regions are calculated, respectively. Thirdly, we employ morphological filters to obtain the desirable lip region approximately based on the memberships. Finally, we extract the lip contour via convex hull algorithm with the prior knowledge of the human mouth shape. Experiments show the efficacy of the proposed approach in comparison with the existing lip segmentation methods.