Elements of computer music
Discrete-time signal processing (2nd ed.)
Discrete-time signal processing (2nd ed.)
An efficient VLSI architecture for real-time additive synthesis of musical signals
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Structured Design: Fundamentals of a Discipline of Computer Program and Systems Design
Structured Design: Fundamentals of a Discipline of Computer Program and Systems Design
VLSI Concurrent Computation for Music Synthesis
VLSI Concurrent Computation for Music Synthesis
A fixed-point recursive digital oscillator for additive synthesis of audio
ICASSP '99 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02
The generation of natural-synthetic spectra by means of adaptive frequency modulation
Computer Music Journal
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Sound synthesis employed in many multimedia systems is a useful method to generate the sound of musical instruments. Although it has a long history of development, a few researches have been devoted to deriving efficient VLSI architectures. In this paper, we analyze the inherent dataflow of sound synthesis methods and propose a programmable VLSI architecture suitable for a scalable sound synthesizer. The sound quality and the level of polyphony can be enhanced only by increasing the operating speed and enlarging the memory. A fully integrated sound synthesis system is implemented as a prototype to verify the proposed architecture. The prototype chip fabricated in a 0.18-µm CMOS process occupies 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm, and can synthesize a 64-polyphonic sound in real time. The power consumption ranges from 2.05 to 13.8 mW depending on the level of polyphony and the sound quality.