Tables of maximally equidistributed combined LFSR generators
Mathematics of Computation
Microwave Mobile Communications
Microwave Mobile Communications
A discrete-time model for triply selective MIMO Rayleigh fading channels
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Autoregressive modeling for fading channel simulation
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
GQR models for multipath Rayleigh fading channels
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Hardware Emulation of Wideband Correlated Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Fading Channels
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Modelling and Simulation in Engineering - Special issue on Modeling and Simulation of Mobile Radio Channels
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Hardware implementation of discrete-time triply selective Rayleigh fading channel emulators is proposed for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communications. The proposed work differs from existing ones in that it incorporates temporal correlation, intertap correlation, and spatial correlation matrices into multiple uncorrelated frequency-flat fading waveforms to obtain a triply selective fading channel. The flat fading waveforms with temporal correlation or Doppler spectrum are generated using a sum-of-sinusoid method. The intertap correlation matrix associated with multipath delay spread is computed according to the channel power delay profile and transmit/receive filters. The spatial correlation matrices are predefined inputs associated with transmit and receive antenna arrangements. The square roots of the three correlation matrices are computed via singular-value decomposition and then combined in real time with the flat fading waveforms. Several fading channel examples are implemented on an Altera Stratix III EP3SL150F field-programmable gate array (FPGA) DSP development kit with fixed-point arithmetics. A 4-by-4 MIMO triply selective channel with ten correlated delay taps per subchannel utilizes one-third of the hardware resource of the FPGA chip. The statistical properties of the emulated fading waveforms match those of the software-based simulators and the theoretical ones. The proposed method achieves good balance between computational complexity and resource utilization.