PAC learnability of a concept class under non-atomic measures: a problem by Vidyasagar

  • Authors:
  • Vladimir Pestov

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

  • Venue:
  • ALT'10 Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Algorithmic learning theory
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

In response to a 1997 problem of M. Vidyasagar, we state a necessary and sufficient condition for distribution-free PAC learnability of a concept class C under the family of all non-atomic (diffuse) measures on the domain Ω. Clearly, finiteness of the classical Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension of C is a sufficient, but no longer necessary, condition. Besides, learnability of C under non-atomic measures does not imply the uniform Glivenko-Cantelli property with regard to non-atomic measures. Our learnability criterion is stated in terms of a combinatorial parameter VC(C mod ω1) which we call the VC dimension of C modulo countable sets. The new parameter is obtained by "thickening up" single points in the definition of VC dimension to uncountable "clusters". Equivalently, VC(C mod ω1) ≤ d if and only if every countable subclass of C has VC dimension ≤ d outside a countable subset of Ω. The new parameter can be also expressed as the classical VC dimension of C calculated on a suitable subset of a compactification of Ω. We do not make any measurability assumptions on C, assuming instead the validity of Martin's Axiom (MA).