Generation and use of sparse navigation graphs for microscopic pedestrian simulation models
Advanced Engineering Informatics
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Every year people die at mass events when the crowd gets out of control. Urbanization and the increasing popularity of mass events, from soccer games to religious celebrations, enforce this trend. Thus, there is a strong need to gain better control over crowd behavior. Simulation of pedestrian streams can help to achieve this goal. In order to be useful, crowd simulations must correctly reproduce real crowd behavior. This usually depends on the actual situation and a number of socio-cultural parameters. In other words, what ever model we come up with, it must be calibrated. Fundamental diagrams capture a large number of the socio-cultural characteristics in a very simple concept. In this paper we represent a method to calibrate a pedestrian stream simulation tool so that it can reproduce arbitrary fundamental diagram with high accuracy. That is, it correctly reproduces a given dependency of pedestrian speed on the crowd density. We demonstrate the functionality of the method with a cellular automaton model.