English as a Formal Specification Language
DEXA '02 Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications
Discourse, anaphora and parsing
COLING '86 Proceedings of the 11th coference on Computational linguistics
Querying ontologies: a controlled english interface for end-users
ISWC'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on The Semantic Web
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In this case study we show how an unambiguous semantic representation can be constructed dynamically in left-to-right order while a text is written in PENG, a controlled natural language designed for knowledge representation. PENG can be used in contexts where precise texts (e.g. software specifications, axioms for formal ontologies, legal documents) need to be composed. Texts written in PENG look seemingly informal and are easy to write and to read for humans but have first-order equivalent properties that make these texts computer-processable.