Uplink capacity and interference avoidance for two-tier femtocell networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Power control in two-tier femtocell networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
OFDMA femtocells: a roadmap on interference avoidance
IEEE Communications Magazine
Standardization of femtocells in 3GPP
IEEE Communications Magazine
Standardization of femtocells in 3GPP2
IEEE Communications Magazine
WiMAX femtocell: requirements, challenges, and solutions
IEEE Communications Magazine
System design of cdma2000 femtocells
IEEE Communications Magazine
Interference management and performance analysis of UMTS/HSPA+ femtocells
IEEE Communications Magazine
Spectrum allocation in tiered cellular networks
IEEE Transactions on Communications
Access control mechanisms for femtocells
IEEE Communications Magazine
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking - Special issue on femtocell networks
Distributed Antenna Systems with Randomness
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
IEEE Communications Magazine
Cell association and interference coordination in heterogeneous LTE-A cellular networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special issue on cooperative communications in MIMO cellular networks
Review: A survey on interference management techniques in femtocell self-organizing networks
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Modeling, analysis & simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Media access protocol for a coexisting cognitive femtocell network
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Performance analysis of femtocells network with co-channel interference
Signal Processing
Mitigation of redundant handovers to femtocells by estimation of throughput gain
Mobile Information Systems
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Femtocells are assuming an increasingly important role in the coverage and capacity of cellular networks. In contrast to existing cellular systems, femtocells are end-user deployed and controlled, randomly located, and rely on third party backhaul (e.g. DSL or cable modem). Femtocells can be configured to be either open access or closed access. Open access allows an arbitrary nearby cellular user to use the femtocell, whereas closed access restricts the use of the femtocell to users explicitly approved by the owner. Seemingly, the network operator would prefer an open access deployment since this provides an inexpensive way to expand their network capabilities, whereas the femtocell owner would prefer closed access, in order to keep the femtocell's capacity and backhaul to himself. We show mathematically and through simulations that the reality is more complicated for both parties, and that the best approach depends heavily on whether the multiple access scheme is orthogonal (TDMA or OFDMA, per subband) or non-orthogonal (CDMA). In a TDMA/OFDMA network, closed-access is typically preferable at high user densities, whereas in CDMA, open access can provide gains of more than 300% for the home user by reducing the near-far problem experienced by the femtocell. The results of this paper suggest that the interests of the femtocell owner and the network operator are more compatible than typically believed, and that CDMA femtocells should be configured for open access whereas OFDMA or TDMA femtocells should adapt to the cellular user density.