Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Diagnosing performance overheads in the xen virtual machine environment
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/USENIX international conference on Virtual execution environments
Dynamic Provisioning of Multi-tier Internet Applications
ICAC '05 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Automatic Computing
Measuring CPU overhead for I/O processing in the Xen virtual machine monitor
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Characterization of network processing overheads in Xen
VTDC '06 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Virtualization Technology in Distributed Computing
Journal of Systems and Software
A General Model for Virtual Machines Resources Allocation in Multi-tier Distributed Systems
ICAS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Fifth International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems
Early observations on the performance of Windows Azure
Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing
Reshaping text data for efficient processing on Amazon EC2
Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing
Runtime measurements in the cloud: observing, analyzing, and reducing variance
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
Resource provisioning of web applications in heterogeneous clouds
WebApps'11 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX conference on Web application development
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
ConPaaS: an integrated runtime environment for elastic cloud applications
Proceedings of the Workshop on Posters and Demos Track
How a consumer can measure elasticity for cloud platforms
ICPE '12 Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering
An Analysis of Provisioning and Allocation Policies for Infrastructure-as-a-Service Clouds
CCGRID '12 Proceedings of the 2012 12th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (ccgrid 2012)
Scalable Join Queries in Cloud Data Stores
CCGRID '12 Proceedings of the 2012 12th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (ccgrid 2012)
More for your money: exploiting performance heterogeneity in public clouds
Proceedings of the Third ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
On a Catalogue of Metrics for Evaluating Commercial Cloud Services
GRID '12 Proceedings of the 2012 ACM/IEEE 13th International Conference on Grid Computing
Trade-Off analysis of elasticity approaches for cloud-based business applications
WISE'12 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Web Information Systems Engineering
Survey Cloud monitoring: A survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A flexible elastic control plane for private clouds
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM Cloud and Autonomic Computing Conference
DynamicCloudSim: simulating heterogeneity in computational clouds
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGMOD Workshop on Scalable Workflow Execution Engines and Technologies
USENIX ATC'13 Proceedings of the 2013 USENIX conference on Annual Technical Conference
Accurate Resource Prediction for Hybrid IaaS Clouds Using Workload-Tailored Elastic Compute Units
UCC '13 Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE/ACM 6th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing
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Cloud computing is receiving increasingly attention as it provides infinite resource capacity and "pay-as-you-go" resource usage pattern to hosted applications. To maintain its SLA targets, resource provisioning of service-oriented applications in the cloud requires reliable performance from the cloud resources. In this paper, we study performance behavior of small instances in Amazon EC2. We demonstrate that the performance of virtual instances is relatively stable over time with fluctuations of mean response time within at most 8% of the longterm average. Moreover, we also show that different supposedly identical instances often have very different performance, up to a ratio 4 from each other. We consider this as an important issue that must be addressed, but also as an opportunity as it allows one to assign each instance with a task that matches its own performance profile.