Automatic image annotation and retrieval using cross-media relevance models
Proceedings of the 26th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in informaion retrieval
Image region entropy: a measure of "visualness" of web images associated with one concept
Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Content-based multimedia information retrieval: State of the art and challenges
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
To search or to label?: predicting the performance of search-based automatic image classifiers
MIR '06 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international workshop on Multimedia information retrieval
Towards extracting flickr tag semantics
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
Image retrieval: Ideas, influences, and trends of the new age
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Flickr tag recommendation based on collective knowledge
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web
VisualRank: Applying PageRank to Large-Scale Image Search
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
MM '08 Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Learning tag relevance by neighbor voting for social image retrieval
MIR '08 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international conference on Multimedia information retrieval
Proceedings of the 18th international conference on World wide web
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
WSMC '09 Proceedings of the 1st workshop on Web-scale multimedia corpus
MM '09 Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Label to region by bi-layer sparsity priors
MM '09 Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia
NUS-WIDE: a real-world web image database from National University of Singapore
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Learning social tag relevance by neighbor voting
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Unsupervised multi-feature tag relevance learning for social image retrieval
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Unified tag analysis with multi-edge graph
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Image tag refinement towards low-rank, content-tag prior and error sparsity
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Social negative bootstrapping for visual categorization
Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval
The effects of heterogeneous information combination on large scale social image search
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service
Context seeking with social tags
Proceedings of the fourth workshop on Exploiting semantic annotations in information retrieval
Exploiting user information for image tag refinement
MM '11 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Enriching and localizing semantic tags in internet videos
MM '11 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Assistive tagging: A survey of multimedia tagging with human-computer joint exploration
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Proceedings of the 2012 international workshop on Socially-aware multimedia
Collective search and recommendation in social media
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Social tag enrichment via automatic abstract tag refinement
PCM'12 Proceedings of the 13th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Adaptive all-season image tag ranking by saliency-driven image pre-classification
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
Automatic Abstract Tag Detection for Social Image Tag Refinement and Enrichment
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
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Online social media services such as Flickr and Zooomr allow users to share their images with the others for social interaction. An important feature of these services is that the users manually annotate their images with the freely-chosen tags, which can be used as indexing keywords for image search and other applications. However, since the tags are generally provided by grassroots Internet users, there is still a gap between these tags and the actual content of the images. This deficiency has significantly limited tag-based applications while, on the other hand, poses a new challenge to the multimedia research community. It calls for a series of research efforts for processing these unqualified tags, especially in making use of content analysis techniques to improve the descriptive power of the tags with respect to the image contents. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the technical achievements in the research area of content-based tag processing for social images, covering the research aspects on tag ranking, tag refinement and tag-to-region assignment. We review the research advances for each topic and present a brief suggestion for future promising directions.