Fundamentals of statistical signal processing: estimation theory
Fundamentals of statistical signal processing: estimation theory
Analysis of RFID anti-collision algorithms using smart antennas
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
A flexible dual frequency testbed for RFID
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Testbeds and research infrastructures for the development of networks & communities
Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications
Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications
Packet switching with satellites
AFIPS '73 Proceedings of the June 4-8, 1973, national computer conference and exposition
The RF in RFID: Passive UHF RFID in Practice
The RF in RFID: Passive UHF RFID in Practice
Slot-wise maximum likelihood estimation of the tag population size in FSA protocols
IEEE Transactions on Communications
A UHF frontend for MIMO applications in RFID
RWS'10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE conference on Radio and wireless symposium
Evaluation and exploration of RFID systems by rapid prototyping
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
BLINK: a high throughput link layer for backscatter communication
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Enabling bit-by-bit backscatter communication in severe energy harvesting environments
NSDI'14 Proceedings of the 11th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
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Arbitration and scheduling of multiple tags in state-of-the-art Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems is accomplished on the medium access control layer. Currently, only answers of a single tag can be decoded in such a system. If multiple tags respond simultaneously, a collision occurs. In that case, conventional systems discard the physical layer information and a retransmission is executed. This work shows how to recover from such collisions on the physical layer and successfully read the data. The contributions of the paper are: 1) An analysis of the achievable throughput increase of a system, that can recover from collisions at a physical layer is given. 2) A model for a description of collisions on the physical layer is presented. 3) Based on this model, we propose a channel estimation method and two types of receiver structures for separating the signals of a collision of two tags: first, single antenna receivers that discriminate the sources of the two tags in the I/Q plane, and second, multiple antenna receivers which exploit the different spatial signatures of both tags. 4) The functionality of the proposed receiver structures is verified with measurement data of two colliding tags. Eventually, a performance analysis of the receivers is provided.