User interface of a Home Page Reader
Assets '98 Proceedings of the third international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Drishti: An Integrated Navigation System for Visually Impaired and Disabled
ISWC '01 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers
Tamil market: a spoken dialog system for rural India
CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Communication as information-seeking: the case for mobile social software for developing regions
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
HSTP: hyperspeech transfer protocol
Proceedings of the eighteenth conference on Hypertext and hypermedia
WebinSitu: a comparative analysis of blind and sighted browsing behavior
Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Aibrowser for multimedia: introducing multimedia content accessibility for visually impaired users
Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
WWTW: the world wide telecom web
Proceedings of the 2007 workshop on Networked systems for developing regions
Mobile science learning for the blind
CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Organizing the unorganized - employing IT to empower the under-privileged
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web
Local-language digital information in India: challenges and opportunities for screen readers
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development
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Websites in the World Wide Web are primarily meant for visual consumption. Accessibility tools such as screen readers that render the visual content in audio format enable the visually impaired to access information on websites. Despite standards that are available to make websites more amenable for screen reading software, not many website authors embed the required metadata information that feeds into such tools. Moreover, the wide variety of visual controls available makes it more difficult to interpret websites with screen readers. This problem of accessing information and services on the Web escalates even further for visually impaired users in developing regions, since they are either semiliterate or illiterate or cannot afford computers and high-end phones with screen-reading capability. In this paper, we present an alternative platform: the World Wide Telecom Web (WWTW), which can be used for delivering information and services to the visually impaired. WWTW is a network of VoiceSites that can be created and accessed by voice interaction over an ordinary phone. We present user studies that demonstrate that using applications on the Telecom Web does not require extensive training. The study leads us to believe that the Telecom Web can be the mainstream Web for blind users, particularly in developing countries.