Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
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This paper surveys end-of-life strategies currently used in the electronics and appliances industries and identifies product characteristics that define feasible end-of-life strategies. Our survey indicates that two key characteristics serve as factors to categorize appropriate products' end-of-life path: product life and technology cycle. The categorization leads to a methodology that guides product developers to specify end-of-life strategies, to seek environmentally friendly designs, and to identify opportunities for developing new recycling technologies. The goal of disassembly differs depending on each product category, however, efficient disassembly is a key to carry out the ideal end-of-life strategies for every product category. To enhance disassemblability, we propose the concept of Product Embedded Disassembly Process. The fundamental idea is to embed a separation feature inside a product during manufacturing and activate it at disassembly.