Improving throughput for small disk requests with proximal I/O

  • Authors:
  • Jiri Schindler;Sandip Shete;Keith A. Smith

  • Affiliations:
  • NetApp, Inc.;NetApp, Inc.;NetApp, Inc.

  • Venue:
  • FAST'11 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on File and stroage technologies
  • Year:
  • 2011

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Abstract

This paper introduces proximal I/O, a new technique for improving random disk I/O performance in file systems. The key enabling technology for proximal I/O is the ability of disk drives to retire multiple I/Os, spread across dozens of tracks, in a single revolution. Compared to traditional update-in-place or write-anywhere file systems, this technique can provide a nearly seven-fold improvement in random I/O performance while maintaining (near) sequential on-disk layout. This paper quantifies proximal I/O performance and proposes a simple data layout engine that uses a flash memory-based write cache to aggregate random updates until they have sufficient density to exploit proximal I/O. The results show that with cache of just 1% of the overall disk-based storage capacity, it is possible to service 5.3 user I/O requests per revolution for random updates workload. On an aged file system, the layout can sustain serial read bandwidth within 3% of the best case. Despite using flash memory, the overall system cost is just one third of that of a system with the requisite number of spindles to achieve the equivalent number of random I/O operations.