A contrast-based scalefactor for luminance display
Graphics gems IV
Radiosity: a programmer's perspective
Radiosity: a programmer's perspective
A model of visual adaptation for realistic image synthesis
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A multiscale model of adaptation and spatial vision for realistic image display
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Fast bilateral filtering for the display of high-dynamic-range images
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Low Power Control Techniques For TFT LCD Displays
CASES '02 Proceedings of the 2002 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
A tone mapping algorithm for high contrast images
EGRW '02 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics workshop on Rendering
A Visibility Matching Tone Reproduction Operator for High Dynamic Range Scenes
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Tone Reproduction for Realistic Images
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
The trilateral filter for high contrast images and meshes
EGRW '03 Proceedings of the 14th Eurographics workshop on Rendering
Limited intra-word transition codes: an energy-efficient bus encoding for LCD display interfaces
Proceedings of the 2004 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
DLS: dynamic backlight luminance scaling of liquid crystal display
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
HEBS: Histogram Equalization for Backlight Scaling
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 1
DTM: dynamic tone mapping for backlight scaling
Proceedings of the 42nd annual Design Automation Conference
LCD Display Energy Reduction by User Monitoring
ICCD '05 Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Computer Design
Power minimization in a backlit TFT-LCD display by concurrent brightness and contrast scaling
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
Chromatic encoding: a low power encoding technique for digital visual interface
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
EMSOFT '08 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Embedded software
EMSOFT '09 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Embedded software
Image enhancement for backlight-scaled TFT-LCD displays
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
HVS-aware ROI-Based illumination and color restoration
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Visual quality analysis for dynamic backlight scaling in LCD systems
Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
Dynamic backlight scaling optimization for mobile streaming applications
Proceedings of the 17th IEEE/ACM international symposium on Low-power electronics and design
Quality-retaining OLED dynamic voltage scaling for video streaming applications on mobile devices
Proceedings of the 49th Annual Design Automation Conference
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Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have appeared in applications ranging from medical equipment to automobiles, gas pumps, laptops, and handheld portable computers. These display components present a cascaded energy attenuator to the battery of the handheld device which is responsible for about half of the energy drain at maximum display intensity. As such, the display components become the main focus of every effort for maximization of embedded system's battery lifetime. This paper proposes an approach for pixel transformation of the displayed image to increase the potential energy saving of the backlight scaling method. The proposed approach takes advantage of human visual system (HVS) characteristics and tries to minimize distortion between the perceived brightness values of the individual pixels in the original image and those of the backlight-scaled image. This is in contrast to previous backlight scaling approaches which simply match the luminance values of the individual pixels in the original and backlight-scaled images. Furthermore, this paper proposes a temporally-aware backlight scaling technique for video streams. The goal is to maximize energy saving in the display system by means of dynamic backlight dimming subject to a video distortion tolerance. The video distortion comprises of: 1) an intraframe (spatial) distortion component due to frame-sensitive backlight scaling and transmittance function tuning and 2) an inter-frame (temporal) distortion component due to large-step backlight dimming across frames modulated by the psychophysical characteristics of the human visual system. The proposed backlight scaling technique is capable of efficiently computing the flickering effect online and subsequently using a measure of the temporal distortion to appropriately adjust the slack on the intraframe spatial distortion, thereby, achieving a good balance between the two sources of distortion while maximizing the backlight dimming-driven energy saving in the display system and meeting an overall video quality figure of merit. The proposed dynamic backlight scaling approach is amenable to highly efficient hardware realization and has been implemented on the Apollo Testbed II. Actual current measurements demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed technique compared to the previous backlight dimming techniques, which have ignored the temporal distortion effect.