A priori vs. a posteriori normalisation of citation indicators. The case of journal ranking

Authors:
Wolfgang Glänzel;András Schubert;Bart Thijs;Koenraad Debackere
Affiliations:
Centre for R&D Monitoring and Department of MSI, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Research Policy Studies, Budapest, Hungary;Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Research Policy Studies, Budapest, Hungary;Centre for R&D Monitoring and Department of MSI, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;Centre for R&D Monitoring and Department of MSI, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Venue:
Scientometrics
Year:
2011

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Abstract

Two paradigmatic approaches to the normalisation of citation-impact measures are discussed. The results of the mathematical manipulation of standard indicators such as citation means, notably journal Impact Factors, (called a posteriori normalisation) are compared with citation measures obtained from fractional citation counting (called a priori normalisation). The distributions of two subfields of the life sciences and mathematics are chosen for the analysis. It is shown that both methods provide indicators that are useful tools for the comparative assessment of journal citation impact.