Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Generalized theory of uncertainty (GTU)-principal concepts and ideas
Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
An essay on the linguistic roots of fuzzy sets
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Information Sciences: an International Journal
The Henstock-Stieltjes integral for fuzzy-number-valued functions
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Information Sciences: an International Journal
The standard completeness of interval-valued monoidal t-norm based logic
Information Sciences: an International Journal
On Z-valuations using Zadeh's Z-numbers
International Journal of Intelligent Systems
Granular representation and granular computing with fuzzy sets
Fuzzy Sets and Systems
Association discovery from relational data via granular computing
Information Sciences: an International Journal
A granular neural network: Performance analysis and application to re-granulation
International Journal of Approximate Reasoning
Granular computing for relational data classification
Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
Building granular fuzzy decision support systems
Knowledge-Based Systems
An Insight Into The Z-number Approach To CWW
Fundamenta Informaticae - Cognitive Informatics and Computational Intelligence: Theory and Applications
From Numeric to Granular Description and Interpretation of Information Granules
Fundamenta Informaticae - To Andrzej Skowron on His 70th Birthday
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Decisions are based on information. To be useful, information must be reliable. Basically, the concept of a Z-number relates to the issue of reliability of information. A Z-number, Z, has two components, Z=(A,B). The first component, A, is a restriction (constraint) on the values which a real-valued uncertain variable, X, is allowed to take. The second component, B, is a measure of reliability (certainty) of the first component. Typically, A and B are described in a natural language. Example: (about 45min, very sure). An important issue relates to computation with Z-numbers. Examples: What is the sum of (about 45min, very sure) and (about 30min, sure)? What is the square root of (approximately 100, likely)? Computation with Z-numbers falls within the province of Computing with Words (CW or CWW). In this note, the concept of a Z-number is introduced and methods of computation with Z-numbers are outlined. The concept of a Z-number has a potential for many applications, especially in the realms of economics, decision analysis, risk assessment, prediction, anticipation and rule-based characterization of imprecise functions and relations.