The Earth Mover's Distance as a Metric for Image Retrieval
International Journal of Computer Vision
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Automated Processing of Shoeprint Images Based on the Fourier Transform for Use in Forensic Science
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques
Following the Footsteps of Others: Techniques for Automatic Shoeprint Classification
AHS '07 Proceedings of the Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems
A Texture Based Shoe Retrieval System for Shoe Marks of Real Crime Scenes
ICIAP '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
Imaging for Forensics and Security: From Theory to Practice
Imaging for Forensics and Security: From Theory to Practice
Automatic extraction and classification of footwear patterns
IDEAL'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning
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Footwear impression evidence has been gaining increasing importance in forensic investigation. The most challenging task for a forensic examiner is to work with highly degraded footwear marks and match them to the most similar footwear print available in the database. Retrieval process from a large database can be made significantly faster if the database footwear prints are clustered beforehand. In this paper we propose a footwear print retrieval system which uses the fundamental shapes in shoes like lines, circles and ellipses as features and retrieves the most similar print from a clustered database. Prints in the database are clustered based on outsole patterns. Each footwear print pattern is characterized by the combination of shape features and represented by an Attributed Relational Graph. Similarity between prints is computed using Footwear Print Distance. The proposed system is invariant to distortions like scale, rotation, translation and works well with the partial prints, color prints and crime scene marks.