Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
The performance of TCP/IP for networks with high bandwidth-delay products and random loss
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Fluid-based analysis of a network of AQM routers supporting TCP flows with an application to RED
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication
Adaptive Control, Filtering, and Signal Processing
Adaptive Control, Filtering, and Signal Processing
Relay Feedback: Analysis, Identification, and Control
Relay Feedback: Analysis, Identification, and Control
Analysis of two competing TCP/IP connections
Performance Evaluation
The Mathematics of Internet Congestion Control (Systems and Control: Foundations and Applications)
The Mathematics of Internet Congestion Control (Systems and Control: Foundations and Applications)
A positive systems model of TCP-like congestion control: asymptotic results
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Perspectives on router buffer sizing: recent results and open problems
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Safe and effective fine-grained TCP retransmissions for datacenter communication
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2009 conference on Data communication
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2010 conference
Automatica (Journal of IFAC)
Fluid limits of queueing networks with batches
ICPE '12 Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering
Less is more: trading a little bandwidth for ultra-low latency in the data center
NSDI'12 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Tuning ECN for data center networks
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
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Cloud computing, social networking and information networks (for search, news feeds, etc) are driving interest in the deployment of large data centers. TCP is the dominant Layer 3 transport protocol in these networks. However, the operating conditions---very high bandwidth links, low round-trip times, small-buffered switches---and traffic patterns cause TCP to perform very poorly. The Data Center TCP (DCTCP) algorithm has recently been proposed as a TCP variant for data centers and addresses these shortcomings. In this paper, we provide a mathematical analysis of DCTCP. We develop a fluid model of DCTCP and use it to analyze the throughput and delay performance of the algorithm, as a function of the design parameters and of network conditions like link speeds, round-trip times and the number of active flows. Unlike fluid model representations of standard congestion control loops, the DCTCP fluid model exhibits limit cycle behavior. Therefore, it is not amenable to analysis by linearization around a fixed point and we undertake a direct analysis of the limit cycles, proving their stability. Using a hybrid (continuous- and discrete-time) model, we analyze the convergence of DCTCP sources to their fair share, obtaining an explicit characterization of the convergence rate. Finally, we investigate the "RTT-fairness" of DCTCP; i.e., the rate obtained by DCTCP sources as a function of their RTTs. We find a very simple change to DCTCP which is suggested by the fluid model and which significantly improves DCTCP's RTT-fairness. We corroborate our results with ns2 simulations.