Content-Based Image Retrieval at the End of the Early Years
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
M-tree: An Efficient Access Method for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces
VLDB '97 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Near Neighbor Search in Large Metric Spaces
VLDB '95 Proceedings of the 21th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Video Google: A Text Retrieval Approach to Object Matching in Videos
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Similarity Search: The Metric Space Approach (Advances in Database Systems)
Similarity Search: The Metric Space Approach (Advances in Database Systems)
Content-based multimedia information retrieval: State of the art and challenges
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP)
Dynamic similarity search in multi-metric spaces
MIR '06 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international workshop on Multimedia information retrieval
Robust voting algorithm based on labels of behavior for video copy detection
MULTIMEDIA '06 Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Unified framework for fast exact and approximate search in dissimilarity spaces
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF)
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
CoPhIR Image Collection under the Microscope
SISAP '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Second International Workshop on Similarity Search and Applications
Content-Based Copy Retrieval Using Distortion-Based Probabilistic Similarity Search
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Spatiotemporal sequence matching for efficient video copy detection
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Image retrieval and annotation using maximum entropy
CLEF'06 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Cross-Language Evaluation Forum: evaluation of multilingual and multi-modal information retrieval
Visual image search: feature signatures or/and global descriptors
SISAP'12 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Similarity Search and Applications
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Content-Based Multimedia Information Retrieval retrieves multimedia documents based on their content (colors, edges, textures, etc.). The content of a whole multimedia document is represented by a global descriptor. The similarity of two multimedia documents can be defined as the distance between their descriptors. A multi-metric function that combines distances from many descriptors usually outperforms the effectiveness of any single descriptor. In this case, a different weight is assigned to each descriptor representing its relative importance in the combination. Usually, these sets of weights are fixed manually or by performing many effectiveness evaluations. In this work, we present three novel techniques for weighting multi-metrics: á-normalization, which is a generalization of the normalization by maximum distance that uses the histogram of distances, MID-weighting which selects weights that maximize intrinsic dimensionality, and MID-á-weighting that combines the two previous techniques. These techniques enable the selection of a set of weights with satisfactory effectiveness without performing any effectiveness evaluation. Thus, they are suitable when a ground truth does not exist or when it is expensive to perform an evaluation. We tested their effectiveness on a content-based copy detection corpus, and we analyzed the behavior of effectiveness and efficiency in a multi-metric space. We conclude that MID-á-weighting outperforms the widely used maximum distance normalization, and that it can be used as an automatic weight selection for further manual adjustment.