Speaker-dependent-feature extraction, recognition and processing techniques
Speech Communication - Special issue on speaker characterization in speech terminology
Fundamentals of speech recognition
Fundamentals of speech recognition
Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition
Hidden Markov Models for Speech Recognition
Emotions, speech and the ASR framework
Speech Communication - Special issue on speech and emotion
Modulation spectral features for robust far-field speaker identification
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Emotion-State conversion for speaker recognition
ACII'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Gender-dependent emotion recognition based on HMMs and SPHMMs
International Journal of Speech Technology
International Journal of Speech Technology
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This paper addresses the formulation of a new speaker identification approach which employs knowledge of emotional content of speaker information. Our proposed approach in this work is based on a two-stage recognizer that combines and integrates both emotion recognizer and speaker recognizer into one recognizer. The proposed approach employs both Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and Suprasegmental Hidden Markov Models (SPHMMs) as classifiers. In the experiments, six emotions are considered including neutral, angry, sad, happy, disgust and fear. Our results show that average speaker identification performance based on the proposed two-stage recognizer is 79.92% with a significant improvement over a one-stage recognizer with an identification performance of 71.58%. The results obtained based on the proposed approach are close to those achieved in subjective evaluation by human listeners.