A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting
Journal of Computer and System Sciences - Special issue: 26th annual ACM symposium on the theory of computing & STOC'94, May 23–25, 1994, and second annual Europe an conference on computational learning theory (EuroCOLT'95), March 13–15, 1995
A Hierarchical Latent Variable Model for Data Visualization
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Combining labeled and unlabeled data with co-training
COLT' 98 Proceedings of the eleventh annual conference on Computational learning theory
Improved Boosting Algorithms Using Confidence-rated Predictions
Machine Learning - The Eleventh Annual Conference on computational Learning Theory
Analyzing the effectiveness and applicability of co-training
Proceedings of the ninth international conference on Information and knowledge management
Combining Labeled and Unlabeled Data for MultiClass Text Categorization
ICML '02 Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
Unsupervised Learning of Human Motion
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Unsupervised Improvement of Visual Detectors using Co-Training
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Recognizing Human Actions: A Local SVM Approach
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 3 - Volume 03
Actions Sketch: A Novel Action Representation
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Hybrid Models for Human Motion Recognition
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Beyond Tracking: Modelling Activity and Understanding Behaviour
International Journal of Computer Vision
Unsupervised Discovery of Action Classes
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Activity Recognition Based on Semi-supervised Learning
RTCSA '07 Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
Unsupervised Learning of Human Action Categories Using Spatial-Temporal Words
International Journal of Computer Vision
Human Action Recognition by Semilatent Topic Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
MM '09 Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Estimation of mixture models using Co-EM
ECML'05 Proceedings of the 16th European conference on Machine Learning
Multiple scale-specific representations for improved human action recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
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Human action recognition is a challenging task due to significant intra-class variations, occlusion, and background clutter. Most of the existing work use the action models based on statistic learning algorithms for classification. To achieve good performance on recognition, a large amount of the labeled samples are therefore required to train the sophisticated action models. However, collecting labeled samples is labor-intensive. To tackle this problem, we propose a boosted multi-class semi-supervised learning algorithm in which the co-EM algorithm is adopted to leverage the information from unlabeled data. Three key issues are addressed in this paper. Firstly, we formulate the action recognition in a multi-class semi-supervised learning problem to deal with the insufficient labeled data and high computational expense. Secondly, boosted co-EM is employed for the semi-supervised model construction. To overcome the high dimensional feature space, weighted multiple discriminant analysis (WMDA) is used to project the features into low dimensional subspaces in which the Gaussian mixture models (GMM) are trained and boosting scheme is used to integrate the subspace models. Thirdly, we present the upper bound of the training error in multi-class framework, which is able to guide the novel classifier construction. In theory, the proposed solution is proved to minimize this upper error bound. Experimental results have shown good performance on public datasets.