Multidimensional binary search trees used for associative searching
Communications of the ACM
Quadtree and R-tree indexes in oracle spatial: a comparison using GIS data
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Efficient Similarity Search in Feature Spaces with the Q-Tree
ADBIS '02 Proceedings of the 6th East European Conference on Advances in Databases and Information Systems
A Framework for Index Bulk Loading and Dynamization
ICALP '01 Proceedings of the 28th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming,
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Overview
AIPR '00 Proceedings of the 29th Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop
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The spatial indexing of eventually all the available topographic information of Earth is a highly valuable tool for different geoscientific application domains. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) collected and made available to the public one of the world's largest digital elevation models (DEMs). With the aim of providing on easier and faster access to these data by improving their further analysis and processing, we have indexed the SRTM DEM by means of a spatial index based on the kd-tree data structure, called the Q-tree. This paper is the second in a two-part series that includes a thorough performance analysis to validate the bulk-load algorithm efficiency of the Q-tree. We investigate performance measuring elapsed time in different contexts, analyzing disk space usage, testing response time with typical queries, and validating the final index structure balance. In addition, the paper includes performance comparisons with Oracle 11g that helps to understand the real cost of our proposal. Our tests prove that the proposed algorithm outperforms Oracle 11g using around a 9% of the elapsed time, taking six times less storage with more than 96% of page utilization, and getting faster response times to spatial queries issued on 4.5 million points. In addition to this, the behavior of the spatial index has been successfully tested on both an open GIS (VT Builder) and a visualizer tool derived from the previous one.