Programming expert systems in OPS5: an introduction to rule-based programming
Programming expert systems in OPS5: an introduction to rule-based programming
Validating discrete event simulations using event pattern mappings
DAC '92 Proceedings of the 29th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals
Communications of the ACM
Communications of the ACM
The Power of Events: An Introduction to Complex Event Processing in Distributed Enterprise Systems
The Power of Events: An Introduction to Complex Event Processing in Distributed Enterprise Systems
Active Database Systems: Triggers and Rules for Advanced Database Processing
Active Database Systems: Triggers and Rules for Advanced Database Processing
Composite Event Specification in Active Databases: Model & Implementation
VLDB '92 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Composite Events for Active Databases: Semantics, Contexts and Detection
VLDB '94 Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
The CQL continuous query language: semantic foundations and query execution
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Control System Design: An Introduction to State-Space Methods (Dover Books on Engineering)
Control System Design: An Introduction to State-Space Methods (Dover Books on Engineering)
Cyber Physical Systems: Design Challenges
ISORC '08 Proceedings of the 2008 11th IEEE Symposium on Object Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing
Embedding Event Algebras and Process for ECA Rules for the Semantic Web
Fundamenta Informaticae
Industry experience with the IBM Active Middleware Technology (AMiT) Complex Event Processing engine
Proceedings of the Fourth ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems
Evolution and reactivity for the web
Proceedings of the First international conference on Reasoning Web
Multilevel event-based monitoring framework for the petals enterprise service bus: industry article
Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Conference on Distributed Event-Based Systems
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Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are controlled complex technical systems. On one hand they do exist and behave in the physical world with their dedicated physical and technical rules. On the other hand they are controlled according to certain policies -- frequently by a "tandem" of control systems and human operators. Modern cars, aircrafts, power grids, production lines etc. are typical cyber-physical systems. The unprecedented technology development has enabled these systems to play an increasingly central role in modern societies. However, to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of CPS operations is always a challenging task since they are often heterogeneous, large-scale and very complex for conventional software systems. In this paper we propose a novel rule-based approach combining deductive and reactive rules to specify and describe CPS. Complex Event Processing (CEP) and Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rules are used to detect situations of interest in CPS and issuing (complex) control actions, respectively. This allows us to focus on the "what" of CPS control (situation detection, reaction specification) and leaves the "how" to a well defined event and action engine. Whereas events are treated in CPS much the same as in other fields actions are quite different because they happen in the real world. We describe an approach to CPS actions which takes these important particularities into account. Another important issue is the integration of physical models into event and action processing. Temporal aspects play a central role here. Our approach enables us to control CPSs under both normal and exceptional conditions in a flexible and efficient way. In order to illustrate the basic features and expressivities of the proposed approach we consider realistic industrial situations.