Physically-motivated dynamical algorithms for the graph isomorphism problem

  • Authors:
  • Shiue-yuan Shiau;Robert Joynt;S. N. Coppersmith

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin;Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin;Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin

  • Venue:
  • Quantum Information & Computation
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

The graph isomorphism problem (GI) plays a central role in the theory of computational complexity and has importance in physics and chemistry as well [1, 2]. No polynomial-time algorithm for solving GI is knowm We investigate classical and quantum physics-based polynomial-time algorithms for solving the graph isomorphism problem in which the graph structure is reflected in the behavior of a dynamical system. We show that a classical dynamical algorithm proposed by Gudkov and Nussinov [25] as well as its simplest quantum generalization fail to distinguish pairs of non-isomorphlc strongly regular graphs. However, by combining the algorithm of Gudkov and Nussinov with a construction proposed by Rudolph [26] in which one examines a graph describing the dynamics of two particles on the original graph, we find an algorithm that successfully distinguishes all pairs of non-isomorphic strongly regular graphs that we tested with up to 29 vertices.