IBM Systems Journal
Swarm intelligence
A steganographic method based upon JPEG and quantization table modification
Information Sciences—Informatics and Computer Science: An International Journal - Special issue: Intelligent multimedia computing and networking
A steganographic method based upon JPEG and particle swarm optimization algorithm
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Discrete Cosine Transformation Based Image Authentication and Secret Message Transmission Scheme
CICSYN '09 Proceedings of the 2009 First International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks
Steganography in Digital Media: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications
Steganography in Digital Media: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications
Particle Swarm Optimization and Intelligence: Advances and Applications
Particle Swarm Optimization and Intelligence: Advances and Applications
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An improved method for embedding a secret message into a cover image with least significant bit (LSB) substitution in discrete cosine transformation (DCT) domain was proposed. The secret message was first split into partitions, while the cover image was divided into blocks of size 2x2, and DCT was used to convert the blocks from spatial domain to frequency domain. Then, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was applied to search for an optimal substitution matrix T to transform the split partitions for an optimal embedding. Next, the transformed part of secret message was embedded into the AC coefficients of the transformed image blocks by LSB substitution. Experimental results show the proposed method can keep the quality of the stego-image better, while the security of the hidden secret message is increased by use of the substitution matrix T.