Computational geometry: an introduction
Computational geometry: an introduction
Digital Image Processing
Line Separation for Complex Document Images Using Fuzzy Runlength
DIAL '04 Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Document Image Analysis for Libraries (DIAL'04)
Robust Skew Detection in mixed Text/Graphics Documents
ICDAR '05 Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Text line extraction from multi-skewed handwritten documents
Pattern Recognition
Text line segmentation of historical documents: a survey
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition
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This paper identifies the advantages of the specific approach to water flow algorithm for multi-skewed handwritten text line segmentation. Original water flow algorithm assumes that hypothetical water flows, from both left and right sides of the document image frame, face obstruction from part of character, character, and group of characters in text lines. The stripes of areas left unwetted on the document image frame are finally labeled for the extraction of text lines. However, the method defines parameter water flow angle for flooding which depends on the text line slopes of each specific document. The estimation of the appropriate parameter value is difficult and limited as well. The limitation is manifested by possible election of only 4 values for this parameter. Extended approach has introduced enlargement of the parameter range. Consequently, decision making and the selection of the small values of the parameter below the minimum given by the original method shows improvement in the handwritten text line segmentation process. It is confirmed by the measurement on different types of letters.