Average case complete problems
SIAM Journal on Computing
One-way functions and Pseudorandom generators
Combinatorica - Theory of Computing
A hard-core predicate for all one-way functions
STOC '89 Proceedings of the twenty-first annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Journal of Computer and System Sciences
P = BPP if E requires exponential circuits: derandomizing the XOR lemma
STOC '97 Proceedings of the twenty-ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
A Pseudorandom Generator from any One-way Function
SIAM Journal on Computing
Foundations of Cryptography: Basic Tools
Foundations of Cryptography: Basic Tools
Hard-core distributions for somewhat hard problems
FOCS '95 Proceedings of the 36th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Approximately List-Decoding Direct Product Codes and Uniform Hardness Amplification
FOCS '06 Proceedings of the 47th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Norms, XOR Lemmas, and Lower Bounds for GF(2) Polynomials and Multiparty Protocols
CCC '07 Proceedings of the Twenty-Second Annual IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity
Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective
Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective
Theory and application of trapdoor functions
SFCS '82 Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Products and help bits in decision trees
SFCS '94 Proceedings of the 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Uniform Direct Product Theorems: Simplified, Optimized, and Derandomized
SIAM Journal on Computing
Three XOR-lemmas - an exposition
Studies in complexity and cryptography
Approximation resistance from pairwise independent subgroups
Proceedings of the forty-fifth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Hi-index | 0.00 |
A fundamental lemma of Yao states that computational weakunpredictability of Boolean predicates is amplified when the results of several independent instances are XOR together. We survey two known proofs of Yao's Lemma and present a third alternative proof. The third proof proceeds by first proving that a function constructed by concatenating the values of the original function on several independent instances is much more unpredictable, with respect to specified complexity bounds, than the original function. This statement turns out to be easier to prove than the XOR-Lemma. Using a result of Goldreich and Levin (1989) and some elementary observation, we derive the XOR-Lemma.