Dummynet: a simple approach to the evaluation of network protocols
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
An integrated experimental environment for distributed systems and networks
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - OSDI '02: Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
Scalability and accuracy in a large-scale network emulator
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review - OSDI '02: Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementation
PlanetLab: an overlay testbed for broad-coverage services
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
NIST Net: a Linux-based network emulation tool
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
On the Fidelity of IEEE 802.11 Commercial Cards
WICON '05 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Wireless Internet
Scalable Network Path Emulation
MASCOTS '05 Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems
In VINI veritas: realistic and controlled network experimentation
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
WNS2 '06 Proceeding from the 2006 workshop on ns-2: the IP network simulator
Modeling the 802.11 distributed coordination function in nonsaturated heterogeneous conditions
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Satellitelab: adding heterogeneity to planetary-scale network testbeds
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2008 conference on Data communication
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Performance analysis of the IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
FIRE OpenLab IP testbed and tool demo
ServiceWave'11 Proceedings of the 4th European conference on Towards a service-based internet
VALE, a switched ethernet for virtual machines
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
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Network testbeds are very popular tools for research on network protocols and distributed applications. To reproduce network behavior, testbeds range between two extremes: use a fully emulated network, or distribute nodes on the real Internet. The former approach yields very reproducible results but might be a poor representation of reality; the latter gives more realistic but less reproducible scenarios. In this paper we present an emulation solution for the PlanetLab testbed, and provide a detailed description of its features and performance. Our system gives researchers the advantages of emulation while not giving up the opportunity of running experiments in a large and heterogeneous testbed with realistic network conditions. The work is based on a Linux version of the Dummynet network emulator, largely extended with specific features to improve efficiency on PlanetLab, and to emulate wireless links with custom configuration mechanisms to simplify its use. The system described in this paper, developed as part of the Onelab2 project, has been deployed on the whole PlanetLab-Europe testbed. The emulation code itself is also available for all popular operating systems (FreeBSD, Linux, Windows, OS X).