Analysis of parameter selections for fuzzy c-means

  • Authors:
  • Kuo-Lung Wu

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Information Management, Kun Shan University, Yunk-Kang, Tainan, Taiwan 71023, ROC

  • Venue:
  • Pattern Recognition
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

The weighting exponent m is called the fuzzifier that can influence the performance of fuzzy c-means (FCM). It is generally suggested that m@?[1.5,2.5]. On the basis of a robust analysis of FCM, a new guideline for selecting the parameter m is proposed. We will show that a large m value will make FCM more robust to noise and outliers. However, considerably large m values that are greater than the theoretical upper bound will make the sample mean a unique optimizer. A simple and efficient method to avoid this unexpected case in fuzzy clustering is to assign a cluster core to each cluster. We will also discuss some clustering algorithms that extend FCM to contain the cluster cores in fuzzy clusters. For a large theoretical upper bound case, we suggest the implementation of the FCM with a suitable large m value. Otherwise, we suggest implementing the clustering methods with cluster cores. When the data set contains noise and outliers, the fuzzifier m=4 is recommended for both FCM and cluster-core-based methods in a large theoretical upper bound case.