Opaque sets

  • Authors:
  • Adrian Dumitrescu;Minghui Jiang;János Pach

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee;Utah State University;Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and City College of New York

  • Venue:
  • APPROX'11/RANDOM'11 Proceedings of the 14th international workshop and 15th international conference on Approximation, randomization, and combinatorial optimization: algorithms and techniques
  • Year:
  • 2011

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Abstract

The problem of finding "small" sets that meet every straightline which intersects a given convex region was initiated by Mazurkiewicz in 1916. We call such a set an opaque set or a barrier for that region. We consider the problem of computing the shortest barrier for a given convex polygon with n vertices. No exact algorithm is currently known even for the simplest instances such as a square or an equilateral triangle. For general barriers, we present a O(n) time approximation algorithm with ratio 1/2 + 2+√2/π = 1.5867...For connected barriers, we can achieve the approximation ratio π+5/π+2 = 1.5834 ... again in O(n) time. We also show that if the barrier is restricted to the interior and the boundary of the input polygon, then the problem admits a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme for the connected case and a quadratic-time exact algorithm for the single-arc case. These are the first approximation algorithms obtained for this problem.