A First Investigation into the Effectiveness of Tactons
WHC '05 Proceedings of the First Joint Eurohaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Designing Large Sets of Haptic Icons with Rhythm
EuroHaptics '08 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Haptics: Perception, Devices and Scenarios
Design of Dynamic Vibrotactile Textures
IEEE Transactions on Haptics
Psychophysical model for vibrotactile rendering in mobile devices
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Tactile effect design and evaluation for virtual buttons on a mobile device touchscreen
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services
Perceptual space and adjective rating of sinusoidal vibrations perceived via mobile device
HAPTIC '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Haptics Symposium
Real-time perception-level translation from audio signals to vibrotactile effects
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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This paper is concerned with the perception of complex vibrotactile stimuli in which a few sinusoidal vibrations with different frequencies are superimposed. We begin with an observation that such vibrotactile signals are analogous to musical chords where multiple notes are played simultaneously. A set of "vibrotactile chords" are designed based on the musical chords, and their degrees of consonance (harmony) that participants perceive are evaluated through a perception experiment. Experimental results indicate that the participants can robustly rate the degree of consonance of the vibrotactile chords and establish a well-defined relation of the degree of consonance to the base and chordal frequencies of a vibrotactile chord. These findings have direct implications to the design of complex vibrotactile signals that can be produced by current wideband actuators such as voice-coil, piezoelectric, and electroactive polymer actuators.