Interoperable metadata semantics with meta-metadata: a use case integrating search engines

Authors:
Yin Qu;Andruid Kerne;Andrew M. Webb;Aaron Herstein
Affiliations:
Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA;Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA;Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA;Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Venue:
Proceedings of the 11th ACM symposium on Document engineering
Year:
2011

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Abstract

A use case involving integrating results from search engines illustrates how the meta-metadata language facilitates interoperable metadata semantics. Formal semantics can be hard to obtain directly. For example, search engines may only present results through web pages; even if they do provide web services, they don't provide them according to a mutually interoperable standard. We show how to use the open source meta-metadata language to define a common base class for search results, and how to extend the base class to create polymorphic variants that include engine-specific fields. We develop wrappers to extract data from HTML search results from engines including Google, Bing, Delicious, and Slashdot. We write a short meta-search program for integrating the search results, reranking them, and providing formatted HTML output. This provides an extensible formal and functional semantics for search. Meta-metadata also directly enables representing the same integrated search results as XML or JSON. This research can profoundly transform the derivation and representation of interoperable metadata semantics from a multitude of heterogeneous wild web sources.