NeXt generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Chicago spectrum occupancy measurements & analysis and a long-term studies proposal
TAPAS '06 Proceedings of the first international workshop on Technology and policy for accessing spectrum
Fundamental design tradeoffs in cognitive radio systems
TAPAS '06 Proceedings of the first international workshop on Technology and policy for accessing spectrum
Eigenvalue-based spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio
IEEE Transactions on Communications
Detecting low-power primary signals via distributed sensing to support opportunistic spectrum access
ICC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Communications
Mobile Networks and Applications
A survey of spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio applications
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio, Part I: Two User Networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio, Part II: Multiuser Networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Toward secure distributed spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
Spatiotemporal Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Policy enforced spectrum sharing for unaware secondary systems
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cognitive Radio and Advanced Spectrum Management
A Comparative Study of Different Entropies for Spectrum Sensing Techniques
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
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Spectrum sensing feature of cognitive radio devices represents a cornerstone characteristic facilitating real-time and accurate spectrum occupancy measurements in cognitive radio networks. It practically enables the cognitive radio devices to detect vacant spectrum holes and use them for their communication purposes. There are numerous spectrum sensing methods proposed in the literature ranging from local based ones to cooperative strategies among several devices increasing the confidence level of the detected spectrum. This paper gives a general spectrum sensing framework for cognitive radio networks, classifies and explores different spectrum sensing techniques and approaches and shows practical examples, from authors' own experience, of realized spectrum sensing engines and strategies along with some obtained results.