Robust topology optimization accounting for misplacement of material
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization
Concurrent aerostructural topology optimization of a wing box
Computers and Structures
A survey of structural and multidisciplinary continuum topology optimization: post 2000
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization
Density filters for topology optimization based on the Pythagorean means
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization
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Projection methods and density filters based on the Heaviside step function are an effective means for producing discrete (0---1) solutions in continuum topology optimization. They naturally impose a minimum length scale on designed features and thereby prevent numerical instabilities of checkerboards and mesh dependence, as well as provide the designer a tool to influence solution manufacturability. A drawback of the Heaviside approach is that a continuation method must be applied to the continuous approximation so as not to approach the step function too quickly. This is achieved by gradually increasing a curvature parameter known as β as the optimization progresses. This is not only inefficient, but also causes slight, artificial perturbations to the topology. This note offers simple modifications to optimizer algorithms and/or Heaviside formulation that allow this continuation method to be eliminated. The modifications are tested on minimum compliance and compliant inverter benchmark problems and are shown to be effective and efficient.