Hide and Seek: An Introduction to Steganography
IEEE Security and Privacy
Cyber warfare: steganography vs. steganalysis
Communications of the ACM - Voting systems
A local variance-controlled reversible data hiding method using prediction and histogram-shifting
Journal of Systems and Software
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
Expansion Embedding Techniques for Reversible Watermarking
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Reversible data embedding using a difference expansion
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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In this paper, we propose a reversible image embedding method that extends Hong and Chen's work by using a two-layer embedment strategy. Hong and Chen's method uses a set of basic pixels as a guide, and linearly predicts the values of other pixels to create prediction error histogram for data embedment. However, the set of basic pixels provides no embeddable space. The proposed method employs a two-layer embedment strategy and predicts the pixel values of the set of basic pixels by using their neighboring pixels. Embeddable spaces are created by adopting the histogram shifting method. The experimental results revealed that the proposed method provides higher payload than that of prior works under the same visual quality.