Practical approaches to speech coding
Practical approaches to speech coding
Speech Communication - Special issue on speech processing in adverse conditions
Multichannel direction-independent speech enhancement using spectral amplitude estimation
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Optimal distributed microphone phase estimation
ICASSP '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing
Evaluation of Objective Quality Measures for Speech Enhancement
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
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In this paper, the authors present optimal multichannel frequency domain estimators for minimum mean-square error (MMSE) short-time spectral amplitude (STSA), log-spectral amplitude (LSA), and spectral phase estimation in a widely distributed microphone configuration. The estimators utilize Rayleigh and Gaussian statistical models for the speech prior and noise likelihood with a diffuse noise field for the surrounding environment. Based on the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Segmental Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SSNR) along with the Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR) and Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) as objective metrics, the multichannel LSA estimator decreases background noise and speech distortion and increases speech quality compared to the baseline single channel STSA and LSA estimators, where the optimal multichannel spectral phase estimator serves as a significant quantity to the improvements, and demonstrates robustness due to time alignment and attenuation factor estimation. Overall, the optimal distributed microphone spectral estimators show strong results in noisy environments with application to many consumer, industrial, and military products.